The objective of this research was to determine the acute effect of a maximum test until exhaustion in normothermia and hyperthermia, and after repeated exposure to heat at high temperatures on the homeostasis of Fe and Cu. The sample was composed of twenty-nine male university students. The participants were divided into a control group (CG) and an experimental group (EG). All of them underwent an incremental test until exhaustion in normothermia and hyperthermia before and after the repeated exposure of EG to heat at high temperatures, consisting of 9 heat acclimatisation sessions in the sauna. Samples of urine and blood were taken before and after each test. Additionally, sweat samples were collected in the hyperthermia test. The samples were frozen at -80&nbsp;°C for further analysis by ICP-MS. None of the metal concentrations in serum were affected by hyperthermia or exposure to heat. Urinary Fe increased in CG in the hyperthermia test before Heat exposure at High Temperature (HEHT)(p&nbsp; less then &nbsp;0.05) and in both groups after HEHT (p&nbsp; less then &nbsp;0.05). In EG there was an increase in the urinary excretion of Cu after HEHT (p&nbsp; less then &nbsp;0.01) in both trials. Fe suffered a decrease in sweat in EG after exposure to heat (p&nbsp; less then &nbsp;0.05). The concentrations of Fe and Cu in serum were not affected by acute exercise and exposure to high temperatures. However, there was a decrease in excretion of Fe in sweat due to HEHT, and an increase in urinary excretion in both. Therefore, we think that in conditions of high temperatures for long periods of time, attention should be paid to the body levels of these metals. High mountains are harsh environments in which colder temperatures and higher levels of UV-B radiation are common. These abiotic conditions strongly affect animals' biology, often constraining their survival and reproduction. As a result, adaptations to live in such habitats are expected to evolve. Body color is thought to be adaptive to the environment that animals experience. Tegument melanization improves heat gain and provides photoprotection. Therefore, at high elevation, ectotherms are expected to be darker (well-melanized). We test this prediction in the paper wasp Agelaia pallipes (Hymenoptera Vespidae), a species distributed across an elevational gradient in the Colombian Andes. We used Malaise traps and sampled a total of 146 wasps along nine elevations, ranging from 2,600-3,380&nbsp;m above sea level. Standard digital photography was used to measure the body luminance and colour patterning in different body parts of dry-preserved specimens. There was striking variation in body luminance (darker and lighter), color patterning (patched, smoothed, homogeneous) and surface texture (shiny and matte), but the kind and degree of variation depended on the body part examined. Wasps from higher elevations had darker thoraces, confirming our prediction. Besides, at high elevation, the frequency of wasps with a matte rather than a shiny face strongly increased. Overall, our findings support the thermal melanism hypothesis and suggest that intraspecific color variation might be an adaptation to the environment of paper wasps. The African coffee white stem borer Monochamus leuconotus (Pascoe) (Coleoptera Cerambycidae) is a destructive insect pest of Arabica coffee trees in African highlands. Our study aims to provide information on the pest biology as influenced by temperature, determine thermal thresholds, and provide life table parameters for M. leuconotus reared in the laboratory. The life cycle of M. leuconotus was studied at seven constant temperatures in the range 15-35&nbsp;°C, with 80&nbsp;±&nbsp;5% RH and a photoperiod of LD 1212. Linear and nonlinear models were fitted to laboratory data to describe the impact of temperature on M. leuconotus development, mortality, fecundity and senescence. The complete life cycle was obtained between 18 and 30&nbsp;°C, with the egg incubation period ranging 10.8-29.2 days. The development time was longest for the larva, with 194.2 days at 30&nbsp;°C and 543.1 days at 18&nbsp;°C. The minimum temperature threshold (Tmin) was estimated at 10.7, 10.0 and 11.5&nbsp;°C, for egg, larva and pupa, respectively. The maximum temperature threshold (Tmax) was estimated at 37.4, 40.6 and 40.0&nbsp;°C for egg, larva and pupa, respectively. The optimum temperature for immature stage survival was estimated between 23.0 and 23.9&nbsp;°C. The highest fecundity was 97.8 eggs per female at 23&nbsp;°C. Simulated life table parameters showed the highest net reproductive rate (Ro) of 11.8 daughters per female at 26&nbsp;°C and maximal intrinsic rate of increase (rm) between 26 and 28&nbsp;°C, with a value of 0.008. Our results will help understanding M. leuconotus biology as influenced by temperature and may be used to predict the distribution and infestation risk under climate warming for this critical coffee pest. Heat stress reduces oocyte competence, thereby causing lower fertility in animals. Chronic and acute heat stresses cause extensive morphological damage in animals, but few reports have focused on the effects of chronic and acute heat stresses on ovarian function and heat shock protein (HSP) gene expression during ovarian injury. In this study, we subjected female mice to chronic and acute heat stresses; we then calculated the ovary index, examined ovary microstructure, and measured the expression of multiple HSP family genes. Chronic heat stress reduced whole-body and ovarian growth but had little effect on the ovarian index; acute heat stress did not alter whole-body or ovarian weight. Both chronic and acute heat stresses impaired ovary function by causing the dysfunction of granular cells. Small HSP genes increased rapidly after heat treatment, and members of the HSP40, HSP70, and HSP90 families were co-expressed to function in the regulation of the heat stress response. We suggest that the HSP chaperone machinery may regulate the response to heat stress in the mouse ovary. Accurate real-time evaluation of human physiological state is significant for safety guidance and early warning for people in high temperature environments. The constant weight method often makes the evaluation results deviating from reality. In this paper, the variable weight theory is adopted to solve above problem. Firstly, a human physiological state evaluation system is proposed. Secondly, the constant weight and variable weight methods are used to obtain the weights of the indexes. Thus, the comprehensive evaluation score is obtained to quantify the human physiological state. Finally, a case study is conducted to demonstrate and verify the proposed evaluation system. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/calpeptin.html It indicates that, the variable weight of rectal temperature, skin temperature, systolic pressure and heart rate is 0.2?0.77, 0.11?0.61, 0.03?0.31, 0.03?0.31, respectively. And the weights of the skin temperature and the rectal temperature account for a relatively large proportion, ranging from 50% to 92%. The physiological parameters with small constant weight may account for a larger percentage in the evaluation when the physiological parameters reach an extremely harmful condition.